”iCLIP, by mechanically injecting different resins through viaduct(s), can create multimaterial composite architectures in all three Cartesian dimensions. iCLIP can readily process such a filled resin, forming a body-centered cubic lattice with MWCNT-filled resin flowed through lattice struts at percolation threshold–exceeding concentrations (23) without cavitation.”īecause the injection process can be controlled, it’s possible for iCLIP to inject DIFFERENT resins into the build space during a print job! Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), for instance, are extremely attractive additives for their electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, with applications in, e.g., strain sensors, wearable electronics, and structural health monitoring. “As a result, resins with highly attractive material properties that are too viscous for CLIP are thus accessible to iCLIP, at high volumetric throughputs. The elimination of “suction forces” during these movements means it will be possible to 3D print more delicate objects and also better retain object dimensionality and reduce delaminiaton. The possibility of more viscous resins means there will be far more advanced and interesting resin materials that can be 3D printed. If you are limited to less viscous resins, there are fewer ingredients you can add to the mix. The implication here is that iCLIP could use far more viscous resins, and that’s a good thing.ģD printer resins are essentially composite materials that include the base photoinitiators and other ingredients that determine the material’s properties. Basically the build plate “bleeds” resin after each layer, eliminating the flow delays. The resin is injected from the build plate itself, using a large number of micro fluidic channels. It now appears that researchers at Stanford have figured out a way to make this go much faster.īased on CLIP, using an oxygen-permeable tank window, their new iCLIP process is brilliant: instead of waiting for fresh resin to flow in from the sides after a layer completes, they inject resin into the gap. This is especially true for “solid” prints (think of a “brick”) but less so for spindly prints (think of the Eiffel Tower). If the resin is thick, then that flow can be quite slow and we’re back to slow prints again. While CLIP prevents tank adhesion, the process still requires fresh resin to flow into the space as the build plate lifts on each layer. For typical resins this is indeed the case, but for more viscous resins it is not. The printing can proceed without delay, hence the greater print speed. This is important because the oxygen inhibits the resin from polymerizing, meaning there is NO adhesion to the tank. This creates a thin layer of oxygen mixed with the resin at the bottom of the tank. CLIP vs iCLIP 3D print processes ĬLIP is a bit different in that it has a special tank bottom that permits oxygen molecules to penetrate. This is done on each and every layer, and significantly delays printing. This necessitates a slow “peel” sequence where the new layer is slowly pulled off the tank surface. The laser (or light engine) solidifies a layer of resin, but also tends to bond the new layer to the resin tank. In SLA, MSLA and DLP processes, each layer is built on the bottom of a resin tank.
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